Conjugative Botulinum Neurotoxin-Encoding Plasmids in Clostridium botulinum

Conjugative Botulinum Neurotoxin-Encoding Plasmids in Clostridium botulinum

BACKGROUND Clostridium botulinum produces seven distinct serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). The genes encoding different subtype neurotoxins of serotypes A, B, F and several dual neurotoxin-producing strains have been shown to reside on plasmids, suggesting that intra- and interspecies transfer of BoNT-encoding plasmids may occur. The objective of the present study was to determine whe...

Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype A4 Originating from Nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum.

In this issue of Applied and Environmental Microbiology (AEM), we publish a paper by Marite Bradshaw, William H. Tepp, Regina C. M. Whitemarsh, Sabine Pellett, and Eric A. Johnson from the Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin— Madison (UW—M), reporting on the purification and characterization of subtype A4 botulinum neurotoxin (1). The authors describe the purification of recombi...

Nucleotide sequence of Clostridium botulinum C1 neurotoxin.

Daniel Hauser, Melvin W.Eklund, Hisao Kurazono, Thomas Binz, Heiner Niemann, D.Michael Gill, Patrice Boquet and Michel R.Popoff* Unite des Anaerobies and 1 Unite des Antigenes Bacteriens, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux-75724 Paris cedex 15, France, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, lnstitut fur Mikrobiologie an der Bundesforschung...

Purification of Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin.

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Type E Binding Domain